Planning Physics Encyclopedia

    Supply planning has physics. Learn the laws.

    Supply planning is governed by repeatable laws — inventory, flow, lead time, capacity, constraint, and commitment. This is the operator's reference to the concepts that make a plan that works.

    The core equation · try it
    future demandEverything you'll be expected to fulfill over the planning horizon: forecast demand plus firm orders and known commitments, rolled into one number.
    usable future supplyThe supply you can really count on by the time you need it — on-hand plus inbound that actually arrives in time.
    required actionThe gap between demand and usable supply — the quantity you must buy, make, move, expedite, allocate, or escalate to close any gaps if they exist.300
    300 short — buy, make, move, expedite, allocate, or escalate.

    The required action is the gap — and usable future supply is the term most plans get wrong.

    Planning physics map

    The plan is a connected system.

    The concepts relate — supply becomes promiseable, promises become commitments, commitments become a governed record. Trace the connections.

    Hover a concept to trace its connections, or click to read it.

    Supply & inventory state
    Planning fundamentals
    Lead time & timing
    Risk, buffers & service
    AI agents & authority
    Traceability & governance
    Planning architecture

    Reader paths

    Start with the problem you have.

    Four short sequences through the concepts, by the job you're doing.

    Term explorer

    Twelve concepts that make a plan governable.

    The Tier-1 entries. Search or filter — every definition is sourced and labelled by confidence.

    Category

    12 of 12 terms

    Available-to-promiseATP
    EstablishedATP · CTP · Promising

    The eligible, uncommitted supply you can still promise to a new order, by date.

    Read the entry →
    Capable-to-promiseCTP
    EstablishedATP · CTP · Promising

    Whether the network can create the missing supply — make, buy, move — in time.

    Read the entry →
    Usable future supply
    Vista interpretationSupply & inventory state

    Supply that can truly cover a demand once state, timing, quality, and eligibility are applied.

    Read the entry →
    Planning invariant
    Proposed conceptPlanning fundamentals

    Every official plan stays attached to the context, method, and authority that produced it.

    Read the entry →
    Deterministic allocation
    EstablishedCommitments & allocation

    Scarce supply assigned by declared, versioned rules — same context, same governed result.

    Read the entry →
    Pegging
    EstablishedCommitments & allocation

    The trace linking a demand to the supply intended to cover it — and back again.

    Read the entry →
    Time fence
    EstablishedLead time & timing

    A governed boundary that changes which actions are allowed as the need date approaches.

    Read the entry →
    Safety stock
    EstablishedRisk, buffers & service

    A governed buffer sized to absorb uncertainty at a defined service objective.

    Read the entry →
    Commitment ledger
    Proposed conceptCommitments & allocation

    Every event by which future supply is reserved, promised, released, consumed, or superseded.

    Read the entry →
    Governed agent
    Vista interpretationAI agents & authority

    An agent whose evidence, tools, permissions, and state changes are explicit — authority follows the action.

    Read the entry →
    Audit trail
    EstablishedTraceability & governance

    A secure, time-ordered record of who or what changed planning data, decisions, and commitments.

    Read the entry →
    Plan run
    EstablishedPlanning architecture

    A named execution of a planning method against a declared snapshot and engine version.

    Read the entry →
    Ventoux AI

    Vista

    Governed AI for supply chain planning

    Vista helps organizations move faster with supply plans they can verify, approve, and defend.

    Legal

    © 2026 Ventoux AI. All rights reserved.

    Ventoux AI's verification methodology is covered by provisional patent applications.